Biomechanics of skeletal articulations

The anatomical configurations of the joints of the human body govern the movement capabilities of the articulating body segments. From the perspective of movement permitted, there are three major categories of joints: 1) synarthrodial (immovable joints), 2) amphiarthrodial (slightly moveable joints), and 3) diarthrodial or synovial (freely moveable joints). A synovial joint and the associated structures are illustrated below.

The synovial membrane produces synovial fluid that is used for shock absorption, reducing friction, and for providing nourishment to cartilage. Bursae are small capsules filled with synovial fluid that cushion the structures they separate.Water within the cartilage supports the synovial fluid mechanics.